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Mushroom Foraging in Germany

For many, the idea of gathering wild mushrooms may be novel, but in Germany, mushroom foraging (Pilzsammelung) is a beloved autumn activity. As the leaves start to fall, forests and woodlands across Germany become popular foraging spots. But this enjoyable pastime comes with some risks. Here’s a guide to foraging mushrooms safely in Germany, the dangers to watch out for, and how to handle any mishaps

When to Forage

In Germany, mushroom foraging season generally runs from late summer through autumn, with the peak occurring between September and October. During this time, the moist, cooler weather creates ideal growing conditions for a variety of edible mushrooms. However, it’s also important to avoid overharvesting and respect Germany’s strict conservation laws.

Understanding the Risks

Germany’s forests are home to many edible species, but they also contain several toxic ones.
Some poisonous mushrooms closely resemble edible varieties, making them difficult to identify accurately without experience.
The consequences of consuming a toxic mushroom can be severe, with symptoms ranging from nausea to life-threatening organ damage.

Mushroom Poisoning

If you unknowingly consume a toxic mushroom, symptoms can appear within minutes to several hours after ingestion.
Common symptoms include:

01

Nausea and vomiting

02

Diarrhea

03

Stomach pain

04

Dizziness

05

Sweating

06

Visual disturbances

Some of the most dangerous toxins cause delayed symptoms that affect the liver, kidneys, or central nervous system, so it’s essential to act quickly if you suspect poisoning.  Do not give the affected person anything to eat or drink without medical advice. Do not induce vomiting, give milk, or administer saltwater under any circumstances. 

What to Do in Case of Poisoning

Seek Immediate Medical Help

Head to the nearest emergency room or call Germany's emergency number (112) if symptoms appear after consuming mushrooms. Do not wait for the symptoms to worsen.

Keep Mushroom Samples

If possible, save a sample of the mushroom you consumed, as this will help doctors identify the toxin and provide appropriate treatment.

Contact Poison Control

Germany’s Poison Information Center (Giftnotruf) can provide immediate assistance. They can be reached at +49 30 19240

Where to Find Safe Information and Get Mushrooms Checked

Before setting out, familiarise yourself with the types of mushrooms common in your region. German authorities and organizations often publish seasonal guides, with detailed pictures and descriptions of mushrooms found in local forests. Some useful resources include:

  • Deutsche Gesellschaft für Mykologie (DGfM): The German Mycological Society offers resources and educational events on mushroom identification.
  • Local Mycologists and Certified Mushroom Consultants (Pilzsachverständiger): Certified consultants are located throughout Germany and can provide guidance on identifying mushrooms. Check the DGfM’s website for a list of qualified experts.
  • Local Forest Rangers: Many forests have rangers or information centres that can offer advice on mushroom foraging.

Safe Foraging Tips

  1. Forage with a Guide: Beginners should consider joining a guided foraging tour or an event run by mycology groups or local experts.
  2. Follow the Rule of Three: If you’re not completely sure, don’t consume it. Only collect edible mushrooms you can identify with certainty.
  3. Respect German Conservation Laws: In most public forests, foraging is allowed for personal use only (up to about 1 kg per person), and picking endangered species is prohibited.
  4. Use a Basket, Not a Bag: When collecting, use a basket rather than a plastic bag, as this allows mushrooms to breathe and keeps them fresher.
  5. Cut or Twist? It doesn’t matter whether mushrooms are cut or twisted out. However, it is recommended to remove mushrooms carefully from the ground, as the base of the stem often has important features that would otherwise remain in the forest, such as the volva (sack of tissue at the base) of the Death Cap mushroom

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Ingredients
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  • 2 packets of Tennis biscuits
  • A tin (around 375 g) of caramelised condensed milk
  • 150g Peppermint Crisp chocolate bars 
  • 3-4 drops of peppermint essence if you like
Method
  1. Remove the chocolate bars from their wrappers and place them into a plastic bag.
  2. Using a rolling pin or similar, crush up the chocolates in the bag. – See notes on substitutes, it might be better to grate your substitute.
  3. Place the caramel in a mixing bowl and mix until smooth.
  4. In another bowl, whip the cream to stiff peaks.
  5. Add the peppermint essence to the caramelised condensed milk
  6. Fold in the cream
  7. Add 100g of the Peppermint Crisp and mix it well
  8. Place a layer of tennis biscuits in a buttered dish ( 30 x 20 x 5 cm). Make sure you cover the bottom of the whole dish.
  9. Spoon â…“ of the caramel mix over the biscuits and spread evenly.
  10. Continue in layers, finishing with a layer of caramel mix on top.
  11. Refrigerate for at least 4 hours.
  12. Decorate by sprinkling the remainder of the peppermint crisp on top.

Ingredient substitutes

  • Peppermint crisp

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  • Tennis biscuits

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  • Caramel Treat
    Caramel Treat

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  • Orley Whip

    Some recipes call for Orley Whip, you can easily substitute it with another non-dairy cream, or with normal whipping or even double cream. Go for at least 30% fat.

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