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Housing in Germany

Types of Housing

  • Wohnung / Apartment/Flat. Standard residential unit, typically part of a larger building.
  • Atlbauwohnung – An old building, that might be protected.  An older, often pre-war building with high ceilings and potentially historic features.
  • Dachgeschosswohnung – Attic or penthouse apartment, often with sloped ceilings due to being on the top floor.
  • Einliegerwohnung – A smaller, separate apartment within a house, often referred to as a “granny flat.”
  • Entangewohnung – An apartment in a multi-story building, typically on one level.
  • Loft –  A large, open-concept living space, often converted from industrial or commercial use.
  • Maisonette – A duplex apartment spread over two floors, often connected by an internal staircase.
  • Penthouse – A luxurious apartment located on the top floor of a building, often with a private terrace.
  • Souterrainwohnung – A basement or semi-basement flat, typically located partially below ground level.
  • Terrassenwohnung – An apartment with a private terrace as a prominent feature. Must have a terrace
  • Wohngemeinschaften (WG) – A shared apartment or house where tenants share common spaces like the kitchen or living room.
  • Haus – A standalone building intended for residential use.
  • Einfamilienhaus – Single-family house
  • Mehrfamilienhaus – A building designed for multiple separate family units or households.
  • Furnished house/apartment  – A fully furnished house/apartment available for short or medium-term rental, often similar to vacation rentals like Airbnb.

Vocabulary and Information

die WohnungThis could mean accommodation but mostly it means an apartment or flat
der Lebensraum
die Wohnfläche
der Wohnraum
The living space includes all the floor space of the rooms that belong exclusively to this apartment.  Immowelt has a very good explanation of how living space is calculated
das HausA house – can also mean home or domicile
das EinfamilienhausA free-standing residential building, typically for a single-family
das MehrfamilienhausMultiple separate housing units for residential inhabitants are contained within one building or several buildings within one complex. Units can be next to each other or stacked on top of each other
das ZimmerRoom.
die KücheKitchen.
Most properties (for rent as well) do not include a fitted kitchen and you will most
likely have to fit the cupboards, oven, fridge, etc.
You will have to look at the “Ausstattung”. If you want a place with a fitted kitchen look for one with an “Einbauküche”
Das BadezimmerBathroom.
Many bathrooms in apartments only have a shower or the shower is inside the bath
das WohnzimmerLiving room
der FlurCorridor, hallway
das TreppenhausStaircase
It can be a shared space
der HerdStove
die SpüleSink for washing up
die Garage / das StellplatzGarage or parking space
das GrundstückLand or plot
das EtageElevated floor
das ErdgeschossGround floor
1. Etage, 1. Stock, 1 ObergeschossFirst floor. It is the first elevated floor and not the ground floor

Resources on the web

  • Immowelt.de – a really good source of current information from types of housing, to disputes with neighbours. Available in German.

Disputes

If you’re renting a property in Germany and feel that your landlord is treating you unfairly, there are several organizations and legal channels that can help:

  • Mieterverein (Tenants’ Association): The Mieterverein is a tenant’s association offering legal advice and support. By becoming a member (for a small annual fee), you can receive assistance on tenant rights, disputes, and issues with your landlord. Find your local association for more details.
  • Schlichtungsstelle (Mediation Service): Some cities offer mediation services where disputes between landlords and tenants can be resolved outside of court. These services aim to facilitate a fair compromise between both parties.
  • Legal Counsel: If the issue is severe, you may consider hiring a lawyer specializing in Mietrecht (tenancy law). Legal insurance (Rechtsschutzversicherung) may cover these costs if you have it.
  • Mieterschutzbund (Tenant Protection Association): Similar to the Mieterverein, the Mieterschutzbund offers advice and support to tenants facing unfair treatment. They can assist with issues like rent increases, deposit disputes, or necessary repairs.
  • Amtsgericht (Local Court): If disputes cannot be settled through mediation or tenant associations, you can file a complaint at your local Amtsgericht (local court), which handles tenancy law disputes.

Keep records of all communications and issues with your landlord to support your case, if necessary.

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