Here is a short introduction to the structure of sentences. It will help you understand what is the difference between a subject, object, preposition, verb and articles

English | German | Description | Examples |
---|---|---|---|
Article | Artikel | Comes before a noun, indicating definiteness or indefiniteness. | Definite (Bestimmte): der, die, das Indefinite (Unbestimmte): ein, eine, einen |
Noun | Nomen | A noun names a person, place, thing, or idea. All nouns are capitalized in German. | English: car, house, girl German: Auto, Haus, Mädchen |
Subject | Subjekt | The subject performs the action in a sentence. | Der Junge spielt Fußball. (The boy plays football.) |
Object | Objekt | The object receives the action. | Der Junge wirft den Ball. (The boy throws the ball.) |
Direct Object (Akkusativ) – answers “what?” or “who?” (Wen? Was?) | Ich sehe den Hund. (I see the dog.) | ||
Indirect Object (Dativ) – answers “to whom?” or “for whom?” (Wem?) | Ich gebe dem Mann das Buch. (I give the man the book.) | ||
Pronoun | Pronomen | A pronoun replaces a noun. | ich (I), du (you), er (he), sie (she), es (it), wir (we), ihr (you all), sie (they) |
Possessive Pronoun | Possessivpronomen | Shows ownership. | mein (my), dein (your), sein (his), ihr (her) |
Verb | Verb | An action or state of being word. | essen (eat), lieben (love), malen (paint), schreiben (write) |
Adjective | Adjektiv | Describes a noun or pronoun. | Ein großer Hund läuft. (A big dog is running.) |
Adverb | Adverb | Describes a verb, adjective, or another adverb. Answers “how?”, “when?”, “how much?”, “how often?” | Der Junge singt laut. (The boy sings loudly.) |
Preposition | Präposition | Shows the relationship between a noun and another word, often indicating location, time, or direction. | Location: in, auf, unter (Das Buch liegt auf dem Tisch. – The book is on the table.) Time: seit, vor, nach (Ich warte seit einer Stunde. – I have been waiting for an hour.) |
Visual Grammar – German


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